astDélicatement assemblé sur Namek par serge-sans-paille
ast
/me
$ whoami
sgueltonpythran pour le calcul scientifique en Pythonimport ast>>> import ast
>>> tree = ast.parse("'galette' + 'saucisse'")
>>> ast.dump(tree)
Module(body=[Expr(value=BinOp(left=Str(s='galette'),
... op=Add(), right=Str(s='saucisse')))])
Module
    Expr
        BinOp
            Str(s='galette')
            Add()
            Str(s='saucisse')
(python2) >>> import ast
(python2) >>> tree = ast.parse("'print('yaouankiz')")
(python2) >>> ast.dump(tree)
Module(body=[Print(dest=None, values=[Str(s='yaouankiz')], nl=True)])
               
(python3) >>> import ast
(python3) >>> tree = ast.parse("'print('yaouankiz')")
(python3) >>> ast.dump(tree)
Module(body=[Expr(value=Call(func=Name(id='print', ctx=Load()),
... "args=[Str(s='yaouankiz')], keywords=[], starargs=None, kwargs=None))])
               class PP(ast.NodeVisitor):
    def __init__(self):
        self.depth = 0
    def generic_visit(self, node):
        print('{}{}'.format(' ' * self.depth, type(node).__name__))
        self.depth += 1
        super(PP, self).generic_visit(node)
        self.depth -= 1def visit(self, node):
    """Visit a node."""
    method = 'visit_' + node.__class__.__name__
    visitor = getattr(self, method, self.generic_visit)
    return visitor(node)
def generic_visit(self, node):
    """Called if no explicit visitor function exists for a node."""
    for field, value in iter_fields(node):
        if isinstance(value, list):
            for item in value:
                if isinstance(item, AST):
                    self.visit(item)
        elif isinstance(value, AST):
            self.visit(value)Comment parcourir indifférement des AST 2 et 3 ?
YieldFrom ou NameConstantPrint ou TryFinallyFunctionDef gagne un champs returns et ClassDef gagne un champs keywords
Deux convertisseurs :
ast (python2) => gastast (python3) => gast
                Q :  Pourquoi ne pas convertire le nœud ast.Print en ast.Call ?
                Après tout, c'est pareil !
                
                R : Parce que print = str et c'est l'enfer
                
Comment se comporte (en Python 2):
code = '''
from __future__ import print_function
print(1)'''
ast.dump(ast.parse(code))
def _generate_translators(to):
    class Translator(ast.NodeTransformer):
        'stuff that matters'
        # ...
    return Translator
AstToGAst = _generate_translators(gast)
GAstToAst = _generate_translators(ast)def generic_visit(self, node):
    cls = type(node).__name__
    new_node = getattr(to, cls)()  # default constructor
    # generate fields recursively
    for field in node._fields:
        setattr(new_node, field,
                self._visit(getattr(node, field)))
    # copy any attributes
    for attr in getattr(node, '_attributes'):
        if hasattr(node, attr):
            setattr(new_node, attr,
                    getattr(node, attr))
    # job done!
    return new_node
class Ast2ToGAst(AstToGAst):
    # stmt
    def visit_FunctionDef(self, node):
        new_node = gast.FunctionDef(
            self._visit(node.name),
            self._visit(node.args),
            self._visit(node.body),
            self._visit(node.decorator_list),
            None,  # returns
        )
        ast.copy_location(new_node, node)
        return new_noderaise Except, Val, Tbkraise Except(Val).with_traceback(Tbk)Ce qui est faux si un zozo surcharge mal (ou dégage) with_traceback
ast sont dans gastgastgast.gast_to_ast et gast.ast_to_gast font ce que leur nom les prédispose à fairegast.parse est équivalent à gast.ast_to_gast(ast.parse(*args))
                Vous reprendrez bien un petit peu de grammaire?
module Python
{
    mod = Module(stmt* body)
        | Interactive(stmt* body)
        | Expression(expr body)
        -- not really an actual node but useful in Jython's typesystem.
        | Suite(stmt* body)
    stmt = FunctionDef(identifier name, arguments args,
                       stmt* body, expr* decorator_list, expr? returns)
          | AsyncFunctionDef(identifier name, arguments args,
                             stmt* body, expr* decorator_list, expr? returns)
          | ClassDef(identifier name,
             expr* bases,
             keyword* keywords,
             stmt* body,
             expr* decorator_list)
          | Return(expr? value)
          | Delete(expr* targets)
          | Assign(expr* targets, expr value)
          | AugAssign(expr target, operator op, expr value)
          -- not sure if bool is allowed, can always use int
          | Print(expr? dest, expr* values, bool nl)
          -- use 'orelse' because else is a keyword in target languages
          | For(expr target, expr iter, stmt* body, stmt* orelse)
          | AsyncFor(expr target, expr iter, stmt* body, stmt* orelse)
          | While(expr test, stmt* body, stmt* orelse)
          | If(expr test, stmt* body, stmt* orelse)
          | With(withitem* items, stmt* body)
          | AsyncWith(withitem* items, stmt* body)
          | Raise(expr? exc, expr? cause)
          | Try(stmt* body, excepthandler* handlers, stmt* orelse, stmt* finalbody)
          | Assert(expr test, expr? msg)
          | Import(alias* names)
          | ImportFrom(identifier? module, alias* names, int? level)
          | Global(identifier* names)
          | Nonlocal(identifier* names)
          | Expr(expr value)
          | Pass | Break | Continue
          -- XXX Jython will be different
          -- col_offset is the byte offset in the utf8 string the parser uses
          attributes (int lineno, int col_offset)
          -- BoolOp() can use left & right?
    expr = BoolOp(boolop op, expr* values)
         | BinOp(expr left, operator op, expr right)
         | UnaryOp(unaryop op, expr operand)
         | Lambda(arguments args, expr body)
         | IfExp(expr test, expr body, expr orelse)
         | Dict(expr* keys, expr* values)
         | Set(expr* elts)
         | ListComp(expr elt, comprehension* generators)
         | SetComp(expr elt, comprehension* generators)
         | DictComp(expr key, expr value, comprehension* generators)
         | GeneratorExp(expr elt, comprehension* generators)
         -- the grammar constrains where yield expressions can occur
         | Await(expr value)
         | Yield(expr? value)
         | YieldFrom(expr value)
         -- need sequences for compare to distinguish between
         -- x < 4 < 3 and (x < 4) < 3
         | Compare(expr left, cmpop* ops, expr* comparators)
         | Call(expr func, expr* args, keyword* keywords)
         | Num(object n) -- a number as a PyObject.
         | Str(string s) -- need to specify raw, unicode, etc?
         | Bytes(bytes s)
         | NameConstant(singleton value)
         | Ellipsis
         -- the following expression can appear in assignment context
         | Attribute(expr value, identifier attr, expr_context ctx)
         | Subscript(expr value, slice slice, expr_context ctx)
         | Starred(expr value, expr_context ctx)
         | Name(identifier id, expr_context ctx, expr? annotation)
         | List(expr* elts, expr_context ctx)
         | Tuple(expr* elts, expr_context ctx)
          -- col_offset is the byte offset in the utf8 string the parser uses
          attributes (int lineno, int col_offset)
    expr_context = Load | Store | Del | AugLoad | AugStore | Param
    slice = Slice(expr? lower, expr? upper, expr? step)
          | ExtSlice(slice* dims)
          | Index(expr value)
    boolop = And | Or
    operator = Add | Sub | Mult | MatMult | Div | Mod | Pow | LShift
                 | RShift | BitOr | BitXor | BitAnd | FloorDiv
    unaryop = Invert | Not | UAdd | USub
    cmpop = Eq | NotEq | Lt | LtE | Gt | GtE | Is | IsNot | In | NotIn
    comprehension = (expr target, expr iter, expr* ifs)
    excepthandler = ExceptHandler(expr? type, expr? name, stmt* body)
                    attributes (int lineno, int col_offset)
    arguments = (expr* args, expr? vararg, expr* kwonlyargs, expr* kw_defaults,
                 expr? kwarg, expr* defaults)
    -- keyword arguments supplied to call (NULL identifier for **kwargs)
    keyword = (identifier? arg, expr value)
    -- import name with optional 'as' alias.
    alias = (identifier name, identifier? asname)
    withitem = (expr context_expr, expr? optional_vars)
}Permet d'écrire des analysuers de code Python portable :
                Et pourquoi pas asteroids, bandit, astoptimizer…
                
tox[tox]
envlist = py27,py30,py31,py32,py33,py34,py35
[testenv]
deps=pytest-pep8
commands=py.test --pep8Petit challenge : compiler une version fonctionnelle de chacun de ses interpreteurs
                    pip install gast
                    https://github.com/serge-sans-paille/gast
                    
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